Ilms irashonga
Filime zo mu kanwa (ODF) ni umunwa mushya uhita usohora dosiye yakoreshejwe cyane mu mahanga mu myaka yashize. Byagaragaye mu mpera za za 70. Nyuma yiterambere, iragenda ihinduka mu bicuruzwa byoroshye byubuzima. Iterambere ryagutse ku nzego z'ibicuruzwa, ibicuruzwa byita ku buzima n'ibiyobyabwenge bwite, kandi byashimishije inyungu no kwitabwaho bitewe n'ibyiza byayo ko izindi mpapuro zidafite. Nukubera sisitemu yo gutanga ibiyobyabwenge, birakwiriye kumira abarwayi nibiyobyabwenge bitoroshye hamwe ningaruka zambere zanyuma.
Bitewe numuyoboro wihariye wa Dosage Inyungu zuzuye ishonga kumurikagurisha, ifite ibyifuzo byiza. Nkimpapuro nshya za dosiye zishobora gusimbuza ibinini byamagambo, ibigo byinshi bishishikajwe nibiyobyabwenge byihariye binyuze mubikorwa bya dosiye ni ingingo ishyushye kuri ubu.
Ibiranga nibyiza bya firime
Ntibikenewe kunywa amazi, byoroshye gukoresha. Mubisanzwe, ibicuruzwa byateguwe kugirango ube ingano ya kashe, ishobora gushonga vuba kururimi kandi ikamirwa hamwe no kumira imigendekere isanzwe; Ubuyobozi bwihuse no gutangira byihuse ingaruka; Ugereranije n'imihanda ya mucosal, inzira ya muco yo mu kanwa ntishobora gutera ibyangiritse mu mucosa, kandi ikora imirimo ikomeye; Ubuyobozi bwa Mucosal mucosal burashobora guhinduka hafunguwe hakiri kare hakurikijwe amashami ashingiye ku buryo bwo koroshya gukuraho burundu; Ibiyobyabwenge bitangwa neza mubintu bigize film, ibirimo ni ukuri, kandi ituze n'imbaraga nibyiza. Birakwiriye cyane cyane imyiteguro yabana ubu ari mugihe gito mubushinwa. Irashobora gukemura byoroshye ibibazo byo kumiti yabana nabarwayi no kunoza kubahiriza abana nabarwayi bageze mu zabukuru. Kubwibyo, ibigo byinshi bya farusicale bihuza imyiteguro yabyo buriho, ibinini hamwe nu munwa wibicuruzwa bisenyuka byahinduwe muri firime yihuse yo kwagura ibicuruzwa.
Ibibi bya Filime zo mu kanwa
Umunwa wo mu kanwa urashobora gukuramo Mucosa ufite umwanya muto. Mubisanzwe, membrane ofmbrane ni nto mubunini kandi gupakira ibiyobyabwenge ntabwo ari binini (mubisanzwe 30-60mg). Gusa ibiyobyabwenge bikora cyane birashobora gutorwa; Ibiyobyabwenge nyamukuru bigomba kuryoherwa - kandi uburyohe butera ibiyobyabwenge bigira ingaruka ku muhanda ubwumvikane; Amacandwe utabishaka no kumira bigira ingaruka kumikorere ya Mucosa yo mu kanwa; Ntabwo ibintu byose bishobora kunyura mu muco wo mu kanwa, kandi kwinjiza kwabo bigira ingaruka ku binure; Impamyabumenyi yo gutandukana, uburemere bwa molecular, nibindi .; ukeneye gukoreshwa mubihe bimwe byihuta; Mugihe cyo gukora firime, ibikoresho birashyushye cyangwa igisubizo gihumuka, biroroshye kubifuro, kandi biroroshye kugwa mugihe cyo gukata, kandi biroroshye kumeneka mugihe cyo gukata; Filime ni nto, urumuri, nto, kandi byoroshye gukuramo ubuhehere. Kubwibyo, ibisabwa mugupakira ni hejuru cyane, bidakwiye byoroshye gukoresha, ariko nanone bifata neza imiti.
Imyiteguro ya firime ishonga
Ukurikije imibare, ibintu bya firime yagenewe kugeza ubu ni hafi ikurikira. FDA yemeje miliyoni 82 zamamaza (harimo n'abakora ibinyabuzima bitandukanye), naho Ubuyapani Pmda yemeje ibiyobyabwenge 17 (harimo ibishushanyo n'ibiranga) mu guteza imbere ibiyobyabwenge.
Mu 2004, kugurisha ku isi by'ikoranabuhanga mu kanwa mu mashanyarazi ya OTC ndetse n'amasoko y'ubuzima yari afite miliyoni 25 z'amadolari y'Amerika mu 2007, miliyari 2 z'amadolari y'Amerika, na miliyari 13 z'amadolari y'Amerika muri 2015.
Imiterere yiterambere ryimbere mu gihugu no gushyira mu bikorwa imyiteguro ya firime yo mu kanwa
Nta bicuruzwa bya firime bishonga byateguwe kubera kwamamaza mu Bushinwa, kandi bose bari mubushakashatsi. Abakora hamwe nubwoba baremewe gusaba amavuriro no kwiyandikisha mubice byo gusuzuma ni ibi bikurikira:
Abakora murugo batangaza umubare munini wabakozi bashonga umunwa ni Qulu (ubwoko 7), ubwoko 4), hamwe na simutasi ya sichuaceti (ubwoko 4).
Gusaba cyane mu gihugu kugirango ushiremo umunwa ni Ondandetron umunwa usenyutse (imenyekanisha rya 4), Orasodedone, Royapedone, na Voglibose buriwese afite imenyekanisha 2.
Kugeza ubu, umugabane w'isoko ry'imvugo (ukuyemo ibikoresho byo guhumeka neza) byibanda cyane ku isoko rya Amerika y'Amajyaruguru. Hamwe n'imbere no guteza imbere ubushakashatsi butandukanye kuri Oral Shoant Starant Rambranes, no guteza imbere ibicuruzwa nk'ibi byo mu Burayi no muri Aziya, nizera ko iyi fosge imwe ifite ubushobozi bumwe bwo mu bucuruzi mu miti, ibicuruzwa by'ubuzima ndetse na cosmeceuticatic.
Igihe cya nyuma: Gicurasi-28-2022
